Operating System
An operating system is system software which manages, operates and communicates with the computer hardware and software. To complete the execution user program need many resources.
The main job of the operating system is to provide resources and service to the usre program. So without a computer operating system, a computer would be useless. The kernel is the lowest level of any operating system. While system boots, the very first layer that gets loaded in memory is kernel.
The kernel offers access to a variety of common services to all application and system programs.
The role of the operating system is to work as an interface between the user and the hardware of the computer. Operating system provides an environment to execute user programs in a well-situated and efficient manner. The management of hardware is carried out by the operating system. Computer hardware must offer appropriate mechanisms to ensure the correct operating of the computer system.
Need of Operating System
Basically, Operating system performs tasks, for example identifying input from the input devices such as Keyboard, mouse etc. And sending to the output devices such as the monitor, printer etc. and keeping track of files and directories on the disk and controlling peripheral devices such as secondary storage devices, printers, scanners audio mixer.
The heart of a computer system is a processing unit called CPU. A computer system should make it available and possible for a user's user program to use the processing unit.
The OS makes memory available to a user program when required. Similarly, user programs need the use of an input facility to communicate with the user program. This is often in the form of a keyboard or a mouse or even a joystick.
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